Adam Taylor

                                                                                                                                                Per. 3 AP US History

                                                                                                                                                7- 14-04

                                                                                                                                                Chapter.2 Sect. 4 Outline

The Middle and Southern Colonies

I. The English Civil War and the Colonies

                A. In 1664 New Amsterdam became New York.

                                1. English Civil War started when King Charles I sent troops to arrest several Puritans                                                     leaders in the Parliament.

                                                A. In 1646, the king’s troops were defeated.

                                                                1. Two and half years later Charles was beheaded.

                                                B. Oliver Cromwell dissolved the Parliament and made himself “Lord Protector                                                         of England.”

                B. The Colonies Choose Sides

                                1.The colonies had to chose sides, the king or the Parliament.

                                                A. Viriginia with king until 1652 with Parliament fleet forced to switch.

                                                B. The Maryland colony was at civil war with the Protestant supporting king and                                              going against the minority Catholic.

                                                                1. Maryland Toleration Act 1649, making all religious beliefs okay in                                                                       the colony and protected the Catholics.

                C. Colonization Resumes

                                1. When Cromwell died in 1658, Charles son Charles II came to throne in the period of                                                    Restoration.

                                                A. Under King Charles II the colonies started to grow again.

II. New Netherlands Becomes New York

                a. The English and the Dutch start to intense against each other.

                 A. The History of New Netherlands

                                1. 1609 Dutch East India Company hire English navigator Henry Hudson to find Northern                            Passage.

                                                A. Found Hudson River and fur and caused New Netherlands.

                                                B. The Dutch bought Manhattan Island from locals for 60 florin or 24 dollars of                                                                goods.

                                                C. In 1646 New Netherlands had only 1,500 while New England had 25,000

                                                                1. So they allowed anyone to buy land.

                                                                                A. By 1664, grew to 10,000.

                                                                2. Slaves arrived in 1620s and by 1664 made .10 population.

                B. New York and New Jersey

                                1. The New Netherland was making King Charles II mad, with tobacco and fur trades.   

                                                A. In 1664, King Charles gave all the land from Delaware Bay to Connecticut to                                                           his brother James Duke of York.

                                                                1. Launched 4 warships to seize New Netherland.

                                                                                A. James gave land to Sir George Carteret and Lord John                                                                                           Berkeley.               

                                                                                                1. Founding New Jersey.

III. Pennsylvania and Delaware

                a. Adriamral William Penn helped the King and died before getting paid back.

                                1. His son William Penn got the debt from the king.

                A. The Quakers

                                1. Quakers believed that everyone had their own inner light.

                                                A. They advocated pacifism, no violence to settle disputes.

                                                B. They flee to America.

                B. The “Holy Experiment”

                                1. The Puritans did not welcome the Quakers.

                                                A. So in 1680, Penn asked King Charles for his own colony, and he did it.

                                                                1. Land was called Pennsylvania.

                                                                                A. Penn wanted to be friends with the natives.

                                                                2. Signed the Treaty of Shackamaxon with the Lenape Indians.

                                                                                A. Capital was Philadelphia meaning the city of brotherly love. 

                                                                                B. Penn made the constitution or “frame of government”

                                                                                                1. Pay taxes or owned land can vote.

                                                                                                2. To own land you had to believe in Jesus Christ.

                                                                                                3. By 1684 had 7,000 people and Philadelphia rivaled                                                                                        New York.

                                                                3. Bought three counties south of Pennsylvania from Duke of York.      

                                                                                A. Became Delaware.

IV. New Southern Colonies

                a. Carolina the new colony with the name of the Latin of Charles.

                A. North Carolina

                                1. Most of the settlers of the Carolina were farmers.

                                                A. Grew tobacco, tar, pitch, and turpentine.

                B. South Carolina

                                1. The Southern Carolinas settled Charleston, after the king and started to grow sugarcane                                   and ship out Native American slaves to the Caribbean.

                C. The Georgia Experiment

                                1. In 1720s General James Oglethorpe asked King George II for a colony.

                                                A. Land between the Savannah and Altamaha Rivers was given to him. 

                                                                1. The Georgia trustees banned slavery.

                                                                                A. Immigrants, Scots, Welsh, Germans, Swiss, Italians, and a                                                                                            few Portuguese Jews.

                                                B. In 1751 Georgia became a royal colony.

                D. England’s American Colonies

                                1. By 1775 circa 2.5 million English people live in the colonies.

                                                A. All these people got use to self-government and thought it was there right and                                           was the spark to the rebellion that caused the US.