Adam Taylor

                                                                                                                                Per.3 AP US History

                                                                                                                                7-13-04

                                                                                                                                Chapter 2 Section 3 Outline

New England

I. The Pilgrims Land at Plymouth

                a. The Separatists fled to Holland in 1608 from England to escape the persecution of King James                                  I.

                                1. The Separatist then became Pilgrims who were losing their English heritage so they left                              for America in 1617, on the Mayflower.

                A. The Mayflower Arrives In America

                                1. They headed  back to England to meet up with a group of Separatists and head out on                                                the Mayflower.

                                                A. Headed out September 1620, with 102 passengers.

                                                B. Trip took 65 days.

                                                C. Food ran low, and storms blew them off course.

                                                                1. Settled at Plymouth Rock, at Cape Cod

                B. Plymouth Colony

                                1. William Bradford, one of the leaders.

                                                A. A plague that only spared 50 hit.

                                                                1. The Plague was stopped with the aid of Squanto.

                                                                                A. Squanto taught fishing, farming, make a peace treaty with                                                                                                  Wampanoag, by a three day feast. 

II. The Puritans Found Massachusetts

                a. When King Charles I took to the throne he increased the persecution against the Puritans.

                A. A City on a Hill

                                1. A depression struck the wool industries and caused the Puritans to loose a lot money.

                                                A. So the Massachusetts Bay Company got a royal charter in March 1629, and in                                                  March 1630 launched 11 ships, 900 settlers for the colony.

                                                B. By the end of the year  17 ships and over 1,000 settlers had arrived. 

                                                C. The countined  settlers was called Great Migration.

                B. Church and State

                                1. The government was ran by the freemen who owned stocked in the Massachusetts Bay                                             Company.

                                                A. All the freemen were the General Court.

                                                B. John Winthrop was the first governor.

                                                                1. He lied and abused his power of governor.

                                                                                A. 1634 town representative demanded to see the charter and                                                                                          saw what John had been doing.

                                                                                B. May 1634, they changed it so that election annually,                                                                                                       freemen of each town would elect up to three deputies to                                                                                                 send to the General Court.

                                                                2. Passed laws that required church attention.

                                                                3. Heretics against the Puritan Church were exiled from the colony.

III. Rhode Island and Religious Dissent

                a. Exiles from Puritan colony’s sparking the New England colony.

                A. Roger Williams Founds Providence

                                1. 1631 young minister Roger Williams arrives in Boston.

                                                A. He refused to teach at the colony because it was not full strict separatist.

                                                B. So he taught at Salem where they were more strict.

                                                C. Then moved to Plymouth and said the king had no right to take Native                                                        American land.

                                                                1. Due to these he was exiled from the colony.

                                                                                A. He bought land from the Narragansett, and founded the                                                                                          colony of Providence.

                B. Anne Hutchinson Is Banished

                                1. Anne arrived in the midst of the confusion of Roger Williams.

                                2. She said that  the ministry of church was wrong.

                                                A. She was brought before the General Court and charged with heresy-

                                                                1. Claim God spoke through her but the Puritans say that God talks                                                                           through the bible.

                                                                                A. Exiled, she and her followers settled south and founded                                                                                                      Pocasset later Portsmouth.

                C. The Colony of Rhode Island

                                1. More people were exiled and started towns.

                                                A. 1639 Newport, and Warwick 1643, and in 1644 were joined with Portsmouth                                                                and Providence.

IV. The River Towns of Connecticut

                A. Thomas Hooker asked to change election in the General Court.

                                1. Wanted more than church members to be able to vote.

                                                A. Moved to settled at the Connecticut River, Hartford with 100 settlers.

                                                                1. Trading post and other congregations found Windsor and                                                                                              Wethersfield in 1634.

                                                B. In 1637, they created their own General Court.

                                                                1. Two years later they made Fundamental Orders of Connecticut.

                                                                                A. First written constitution of the colonies.

                                                                                                1. All adult men could vote.

                                                C. East of the river chief Sassacus of Pequot tolerated the English.          

                                                                1. When Massachusetts traders were killed and so the English sent                                                                              troops and sparked the Pequot War.

                                                                2. The troops went under John Mason.

                                                                3. The Mohegan and Narraganset allied against the Pequot.

                                                                                A. When the Pequot tried to surrender the troops opened fired                                                                                               killing over 400.

                                                                                B. The remaining people sold into slavery.

                                                                                                1. The Connecticut government gave the few left                                                                                                               Pequot two villages near the Mystic River.

V. New Hampshire and Maine

                A. 36 followers of Anne Hutchinson moved and settled in Exeter.

                B. Many towns settled in 1640. 

                C. Maine remained part of Massachusetts until 1820.

VI. Turing Point: King Phillip’s War

                A. For 40 years after the Pequot war the Natives were happy and traded with settlers.

                B. When fur trade declined they forced colonial laws on Natives.

                C. In 1675 three Wampanoag were arrest and killed and Plymouth for murder.

                                1. Sparking the King Phillips’s War, after the Wampanoag leader Metacomet, called                                          King Philip by the settlers.

                                2. Metacomet was killed in 1676.

                                                A. The settlers in the end won and got New England.